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Joel Nigg, PhD

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. Published online January 2, 2012. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.905

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

In the current issue of the Archives, we see additional evidence, in a retrospective design, that early developmental events are related to subsequent attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children.¹ Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a costly health condition rivaling traditional medical diseases in its effect on social, financial, and quality-of-life issues. Clinicians held a conviction in the early and mid-20th century that children with ADHD had minimal brain damage or minimal brain dysfunction.² However, a vague phenotype characterization, the failure to identify the nature of the brain dysfunction in the mid-20th century, and demonstrations of substantial heritability for hyperactivity, inattention, and ADHD in the late-20th century rendered the terminology obsolete and also seemed to discourage investigations of environmental inputs to the condition. Did we discard the concept of brain damage too soon?

Subtle brain abnormalities are now accepted as a common feature of the condition,³ albeit still not usable . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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