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Joseph S. Zickafoose, MD, MS; Brian D. Benneyworth, MD, MS; Meredith P. Riebschleger, MD; Claudia M. Espinosa, MD; Matthew M. Davis, MD, MAPP

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. Published online January 2, 2012. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.1501

Objective  To determine whether hospital discharges for intussusception in children younger than 1 year have changed since the reintroduction of rotavirus vaccine in the United States.

Design  Serial cross-sectional analysis.

Setting  US hospitals.

Participants  Children younger than 1 year with a discharge diagnosis of intussusception identified in the Kids' Inpatient Database, a series of nationally representative data sets of pediatric hospital discharges in the United States with 4 available years prior to vaccine reintroduction (1997, 2000, 2003, and 2006) and 1 year after (2009).

Main Exposures  Hospital discharge before vs after rotavirus vaccine reintroduction.

Outcome Measures  Total number and rate of hospital discharges for infants younger than 1 year with a diagnosis of intussusception (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code 560.0).

Results  From 1997 to 2006, there was no change in the total number of hospital discharges for intussusception, with a small decrease in the rate of intussusception discharges (41.6 [95% CI, 36.7-46.5] to 36.5 [95% CI, 31.7-41.2] per 100 000 infants). Based on the trend, the predicted rate of discharges for intussusception in 2009 was 36.0 (95% CI, 30.2-41.8) per 100 000 infants. The measured rate of hospital discharges for intussusception in 2009 was 33.3 (95% CI, 29.0-37.6) per 100 000 infants.

Conclusion  The reintroduction of rotavirus vaccine since 2006 has not resulted in a detectable increase in the number of hospital discharges for intussusception among US infants.

Author Affiliations: Child Health Evaluation and Research Unit, Division of General Pediatrics (Drs Zickafoose, Benneyworth, Riebschleger, Espinosa, and Davis), Divisions of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (Dr Benneyworth), Rheumatology (Dr Riebschleger), and Pediatric Infectious Diseases (Dr Espinosa), and Department of Internal Medicine and Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy (Dr Davis), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

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