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Alexandra B. Balaji, PhD; Danice K. Eaton, PhD; Andrew C. Voetsch, PhD; Ryan E. Wiegand, MS; Kim S. Miller, PhD; Sonal R. Doshi, MS, MPH

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. Published online January 2, 2012. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.1131

Objective  To identify the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–related risk behaviors associated with HIV testing among US high school students who reported ever having sexual intercourse.

Design  Secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study.

Setting  The 2009 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey.

Participants  A total of 7591 US high school students who reported ever having sexual intercourse.

Main Exposures  Risk behaviors related to HIV.

Main Outcome Measure  Having ever been tested for HIV.

Results  Among the 7591 students who reported ever having sexual intercourse, 22.6% had been tested for HIV. Testing for HIV was most likely to be done among students who had ever injected any illegal drug (41.3%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.14-2.56), had ever been physically forced to have sexual intercourse (36.2%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.19 -1.72), did not use a condom the last time they had sexual intercourse (28.7%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.08-1.51), and had sexual intercourse with 4 or more persons during their life (34.7%; adjusted odds ratio, 2.32; 95% CI, 1.98-2.73).

Conclusions  Most sexually active students, even among those who reported high-risk behaviors for HIV, have not been tested for HIV. New strategies for increasing HIV testing among the adolescent population, including encouraging routine voluntary HIV testing among those who are sexually active, are needed.

Author Affiliations: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.

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