• Online Features  This Article  • Full text  • PDF  • Reply to article  • Send to a friend  • Save in My Folder  • Save to citation manager  • Permissions  Citing Articles  • Citation map  • Citing articles on HighWire  • Citing articles on Web of Science (69)  • Contact me when this article is cited  Related Content  • Similar articles in this journal  Topic Collections  • Pediatrics  • Adolescent Medicine  • Endocrine Diseases  • Diabetes Mellitus  • Alert me on articles by topic  Social Bookmarking   What's this?

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2002

Glen E. Duncan, PhD, RCEPSM

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006;160:523-528.

Objective  To determine the current prevalence of self-reported diabetes and impaired fasting glucose levels among US adolescents.

Design and Setting  Cross-sectional, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2002).

Participants  A sample of 4370 adolescents (aged 12-19 years) with self-reported diabetes and a subsample of 1496 adolescents without self-reported diabetes who had fasted for at least 8 hours. Subjects who reported having diabetes and using insulin were further categorized as having type 1 diabetes, those reporting having diabetes and not using insulin as having type 2 diabetes, and those with a fasting plasma glucose level greater than or equal to 5.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL) as having impaired fasting glucose levels.

Main Outcome Measures  Prevalence of self-reported diabetes, type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and impaired fasting glucose levels among US adolescents.

Results  In the full sample, 0.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.24%-0.76%) of adolescents reported having diabetes. Of those reporting diabetes, roughly 71% (95% CI, 56%-86%) were categorized as having type 1 and 29% (95% CI, 14%-44%) as having type 2 diabetes. In the subsample, roughly 11% (95% CI, 8%-14%) had impaired fasting glucose levels. Using population-based sample weights, these proportions were equivalent to 39 005 US adolescents with type 2 diabetes and 2 769 736 with impaired fasting glucose levels.

Conclusions  The prevalence of type 2 diabetes and impaired fasting glucose levels is substantial among US adolescents. These estimates have important implications for public health because of the high rate of conversion from impaired fasting glucose level to type 2 diabetes in adults and the increased risk of cardiovascular disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Author Affiliation: Nutritional Sciences Program, Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle.

CiteULike    Connotea    Delicious    Digg    Facebook    Reddit    Technorati    Twitter     What's this?

THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES

Epidemiology, risk factors and management of paediatric diabetic retinopathy
Sultan et al.
Br J Ophthalmol 2012;0:bjophthalmol-2011-300169v-bjophthalmol-2011-300169.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Screening Obese Students for Acanthosis Nigricans and Other Diabetes Risk Factors in the Urban School-Based Health Center
Rafalson et al.
CLIN PEDIATR 2011;50:747-752.
ABSTRACT  

Impaired Fasting Glucose in Cystic Fibrosis
Frohnert et al.
Diabetes Care 2010;33:2660-2664.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Health Inequity in Children and Youth With Chronic Health Conditions
Berry et al.
Pediatrics 2010;126:S111-S119.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Incorporating Type 1 Diabetes Prevention Into Clinical Practice
Gregory et al.
Clin. Diabetes 2010;28:61-70.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Pediatric Endocrinologists' Management of Children With Type 2 Diabetes
Wong et al.
Diabetes Care 2010;33:512-514.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Evaluating the prevalence and progression of diabetes
Nandish et al.
J Am Osteopath Assoc 2010;110:eS3-eS5.
FULL TEXT  

Pharmacist Scope of Practice, Standards of Practice, and Standards of Professional Performance for Diabetes Educators
Shane-McWhorter et al.
The Diabetes Educator 2009;35:69S-84S.
FULL TEXT  

Prevalence of Antihypertensive, Antidiabetic, and Dyslipidemic Prescription Medication Use Among Children and Adolescents
Liberman et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2009;163:357-364.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Hypercholesterolemia Among Children: When Is It High, and When Is It Really High?
Cook
Circulation 2009;119:1075-1077.
FULL TEXT  

The Metabolic Syndrome
Cornier et al.
Endocr Rev 2008;29:777-822.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Trends in the Prevalence of Chronic Medication Use in Children: 2002-2005
Cox et al.
Pediatrics 2008;122:e1053-e1061.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Hypertension in Children With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Call to Action
Peralta and Shlipak
Hypertension 2008;52:610-612.
FULL TEXT  

Why Young Adults Hold the Key to Assessing the Obesity Epidemic in Children
Lee
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2008;162:682-687.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Metabolic Abnormalities Underlying the Different Prediabetic Phenotypes in Obese Adolescents
Cali' et al.
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2008;93:1767-1773.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Presence of Diabetic Ketoacidosis at Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus in Youth: The Search for Diabetes in Youth Study
Rewers et al.
Pediatrics 2008;121:e1258-e1266.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Epidemiology of paediatric metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus
De Ferranti and Osganian
Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research 2007;4:285-296.
ABSTRACT  

Vascular disease in paediatric type 2 diabetes: the state of the art
Vaughan et al.
Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research 2007;4:297-304.
ABSTRACT  

Assessing Risk for Development of Diabetes in Young Adults
Mainous et al.
Ann Fam Med 2007;5:425-429.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Healthy Eating Practices: Perceptions, Facilitators, and Barriers Among Youth With Diabetes
Gellar et al.
The Diabetes Educator 2007;33:671-679.
ABSTRACT | FULL TEXT  

Accuracy of Administrative Coding for Type 2 Diabetes in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults
Rhodes et al.
Diabetes Care 2007;30:141-143.
FULL TEXT  

`Adult-Onset' Diabetes Finding Way to Children
Kreimer
DOC News 2006;3:1-7.
FULL TEXT  

Diabesity and Our Children
Kaufman
DOC News 2006;3:3-3.
FULL TEXT  

Implications for Primary Care of Diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glucose Prevalence in Adolescents
Rosenbloom
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2006;160:550-552.
FULL TEXT