 |
|
When Children Eat What They Watch
Impact of Television Viewing on Dietary Intake in Youth
Jean L. Wiecha, PhD;
Karen E. Peterson, ScD, RD;
David S. Ludwig, MD, PhD;
Juhee Kim, ScD;
Arthur Sobol, MA;
Steven L. Gortmaker, PhD
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006;160:436-442.
Objectives To test whether increased television viewing is associated with increased total energy intake and with increased consumption of foods commonly advertised on television, and to test whether increased consumption of these foods mediates the relationship between television viewing and total energy intake.
Design Prospective observational study with baseline (fall 1995) and follow-up (spring 1997) measures of youth diet, physical activity, and television viewing. We used food advertising data to identify 6 food groups for study (sweet baked snacks, candy, fried potatoes, main courses commonly served as fast food, salty snacks, and sugar-sweetened beverages).
Setting and Participants Five public schools in 4 communities near Boston. The sample included 548 students (mean age at baseline, 11.70 years; 48.4% female; and 63.5% white).
Main Outcome Measures Change in total energy intake and intake of foods commonly advertised on television from baseline to follow-up.
Results After adjusting for baseline covariates, each hour increase in television viewing was associated with an additional 167 kcal/d (95% confidence interval, 136-198 kcal/d; P<.001) and with increases in the consumption of foods commonly advertised on television. Including changes in intakes of these foods in regression models provided evidence of their mediating role, diminishing or rendering nonsignificant the associations between change in television viewing and change in total energy intake.
Conclusions Increases in television viewing are associated with increased calorie intake among youth. This association is mediated by increasing consumption of calorie-dense low-nutrient foods frequently advertised on television.
Author Affiliations: Departments of Society, Human Development, and Health (Drs Wiecha, Peterson, and Gortmaker and Mr Sobol) and Nutrition (Drs Peterson and Kim), Harvard School of Public Health, and Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital (Dr Ludwig), Boston, Mass.
RELATED ARTICLE
The Hidden and Potent Effects of Television Advertising
Dimitri A. Christakis
JAMA. 2006;295(14):1698-1699.
EXTRACT
| FULL TEXT
THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES
|
Adolescent Obesity and Puberty: The "Perfect Storm"
JASIK and LUSTIG
Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2008;1135:265-279.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Innovations to Reduce Television and ComputerTime and Obesity in Childhood
Gortmaker
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2008;162:283-284.
FULL TEXT
The Effects of Food Marketing on Children's Preferences: Testing the Moderating Roles of Age and Gender
Chernin
The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 2008;615:101-118.
ABSTRACT
Body Dissatisfaction and Patterns of Media Use Among Preadolescent Children
Jung and Peterson
Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal 2007;36:40-54.
ABSTRACT
Estimating the Energy Gap Among US Children: A Counterfactual Approach
Wang et al.
Pediatrics 2006;118:e1721-e1733.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Media and Child Health: Pediatric Care and Anticipatory Guidance for the Information Age.
Schmidt and Rich
Pediatr. Rev. 2006;27:289-298.
FULL TEXT
The Hidden and Potent Effects of Television Advertising
Christakis
JAMA 2006;295:1698-1699.
FULL TEXT
The Effects of Electronic Media on Children
JWatch General 2006;2006:8-8.
FULL TEXT
Exploring the Impact of Media on Children: The Challenges That Remain
Jordan
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2006;160:446-448.
FULL TEXT
Effect of Media on Children and Adolescents: It's About Time
Shifrin
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2006;160:448-450.
FULL TEXT
|
