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by John M. Graham Jr, MD, ScD, 361 pp, $89, ISBN-13 978-0-7216-1489-2, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Saunders Elsevier, 2007.

J. Bruce Beckwith, MD, Reviewer

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008;162(8):796.

	Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings.

In the current parlance of dysmorphology, deformations are normal tissue responses to unusual mechanical forces, and disruptions represent breakdown of previously normal tissues. These 2 categories are distinguished from malformations and dysplasias, which reflect primary errors in morphogenesis or tissue structure, respectively. This distinction of secondary from primary causes has fundamental implications for prognosis, prevention, recurrence risk, and clinical management. However, both categories can coexist in the same patient, since primary abnormalities can predispose organs, tissues, or body regions to deformation or disruption. Deformations are by no means limited to prenatal life, as abnormal mechanical forces often affect structure of the growing infant and child.

While most primary care providers do not encounter malformations and dysplasias on a daily basis, deformations and disruptions occur far more frequently, altering the shape of limbs, faces, crania, and other body parts of many infants and children. Some of . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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