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Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008;162(8):788.

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Denouement and Comment: Congenital Dislocation of the Knee

Congenital dislocation of the knee is characterized by forward displacement of the proximal tibia on the femoral condyles, with hyperextension of the knee joint. It was first described by a Swiss physician Chatelain in 1822, as noted by Shattock.¹ Congenital dislocation of the knee is a relatively rare condition with an incidence of about 1:100 000 or about 1% of the incidence of development dislocation of the hip.^1-2 Most cases are sporadic, with a few familial reports.³

Various etiologies have been suggested, including intrinsic (genetic or dysplastic) and extrinsic (mechanical) causes, though both may occur in a given patient.^{1, 4} Intrinsic causes include Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Larsen syndrome, arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, and multiple chromosomal abnormalities, like trisomies of chromosomes 9 and 21, partial monosomies, partial trisomy, partial tetrasomy 9p, and ring chromosomes 13, 14, and 18. Extrinsic causes include abnormal fetal position, like extended breech, and quadriceps muscles fibrosis. Associated conditions include congenital . . . [Full Text of this Article]

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Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008;162(8):787.
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