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Successes and Challenges in the Perinatal HIV-1 Epidemic in the United States as Illustrated by the HIV-1 Serosurvey of Childbearing Women
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2004;158:422-425.
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Almost all human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections in children in the United States, as well as globally, are secondary to mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of the virus. In the past decade, there has been impressive success in the United States and other resource-rich countries in reducing incident pediatric HIV-1 infections and a concomitant dramatic decrease in the incidence of new cases of pediatric AIDS.1 In contrast, in resource-limited settings, initiation of testing programs to allow pregnant women to learn their HIV-1 serostatus and use of effective short-course antiretroviral interventions to prevent MTCT are just now beginning to be implemented.2
SUCCESSES AND CHALLENGES
The perinatal HIV-1 epidemic in the United States can be separated into 4 partly overlapping phases. The initial phase of the epidemic occurred prior to 1994, when MTCT rates were about 25% and approximately 1500 to 1750 HIV-infected infants were born annually. The second phase, spanning 1994 to 1996, followed . . . [Full Text of this Article]
INSIGHTS FROM DATA ON HIV-1 SEROPREVALENCE IN CHILDBEARING WOMEN
Lynne M. Mofenson, MD
Pediatric, Adolescent and Maternal AIDS Branch
Center for Research for Mothers and Children
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
National Institutes of Health
6100 Executive Blvd
Room 4B11
Rockville, MD 20852
(e-mail: LM65D@nih.gov)
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