 |
|
Dietary Supplement Use Among Infants, Children, and Adolescents in the United States, 1999-2002
Mary Frances Picciano, PhD;
Johanna T. Dwyer, DSc, RD;
Kathy L. Radimer, PhD, MPH;
David H. Wilson, PhD;
Kenneth D. Fisher, PhD;
Paul R. Thomas, EdD, RD;
Elizabeth A. Yetley, PhD;
Alanna J. Moshfegh, MS, RD;
Paul S. Levy, ScD;
Samara Joy Nielsen, PhD;
Bernadette M. Marriott, PhD
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2007;161(10):978-985.
Objective To describe dietary supplement use among US children.
Design Analysis of nationally representative data from the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Setting Home interviews and a mobile examination center.
Participants Children from birth through 18 years who participated in NHANES (N = 10 136).
Main Exposure Frequency of use of any dietary supplement product.
Outcome Measure Prevalence of use and intake of key nutrients from supplements among children.
Results In 1999-2002, 31.8% of children used dietary supplements, with the lowest use reported among infants younger than 1 year (11.9%) and teenagers 14 to 18 years old (25.7%) and highest use among 4- to 8-year-old children (48.5%). Use was highest among non-Hispanic white (38.1%) and Mexican American (22.4%) participants, lowest among non-Hispanic black participants (18.8%), and was not found to differ by sex. The type of supplement most commonly used was multivitamins and multiminerals (18.3%). Ascorbic acid (28.6%), retinol (25.8%), vitamin D (25.6%), calcium (21.1%), and iron (19.3%) were the primary supplemental nutrients consumed. Supplement use was associated with families with higher incomes; a smoke-free environment; not being certified by the US Department of Agriculture Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children in the last 12 months; lower child body mass index; and less daily recreational screen time (television, video games, computers, etc) (P < .005). The highest prevalence of supplement use (P < .005) was in children who were underweight or at risk for underweight (P < .005).
Conclusions More than 30% of children in the United States take dietary supplements regularly, most often multivitamins and multiminerals. Given such extensive use, nutrient intakes from dietary supplements must be included to obtain accurate estimates of overall nutrient intake in children.
Author Affiliations: Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (Drs Picciano, Dwyer, Fisher, Thomas, and Yetley); Division of Health Examination Statistics/National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, Maryland (Dr Radimer); RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (Drs Wilson, Levy, and Nielsen); Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland (Ms Moshfegh); and Abt Associates Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts (Dr Marriott).
 CiteULike  Connotea  Del.icio.us  Digg  Reddit  Technorati
What's this?
THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES
|
Trends in Dietary Supplement Use in a Cohort of Postmenopausal Women From Iowa
Park et al.
Am J Epidemiol 2009;169:887-892.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Vitamin and Mineral Supplement Use by Children and Adolescents in the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: Relationship With Nutrition, Food Security, Physical Activity, and Health Care Access
Shaikh et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2009;163:150-157.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics--2009 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee
WRITING GROUP MEMBERS et al.
Circulation 2009;119:e21-e181.
FULL TEXT
25-Hydroxyvitamin D: functional outcomes in infants and young children
Greer
Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2008;88:529S-533S.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
Assessing the vitamin D status of the US population
Yetley
Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2008;88:558S-564S.
ABSTRACT
| FULL TEXT
|
