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A Randomized Clinical Trial in a Pediatric Emergency Department

Megan H. Bair-Merritt, MD; Chris Feudtner, MD, PhD, MPH; Cynthia J. Mollen, MD, MSCE; Sarah Winters, MD; Mercedes Blackstone, MD; Joel A. Fein, MD, MPH

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006;160:311-316.

Objective  To compare women's acceptability ratings of 2 different intimate partner violence screening methods, an audiotape questionnaire and a written questionnaire, in a pediatric emergency department.

Design  Randomized clinical trial.

Setting  An urban, pediatric, tertiary care center emergency department.

Participants  Female caregivers of children.

Main Exposure  Intimate partner violence screening by either an audiotape or written questionnaire method.

Main Outcome Measures  Perceptions of each screening method's safety, acceptability, and ease of use.

Results  Fifty (10%) of 497 participants reported intimate partner violence, 30 (11%) of 266 in the audiotape group and 20 (9%) of 231 in the written questionnaire group (P = .30). Women in the audiotape group were significantly more likely to report that the audiotape method did not put them at risk and was private. Women in both groups were satisfied with their screening method and were willing to use it again. Women in both groups preferred their given method over the idea of direct emergency department provider screening.

Conclusions  Screening for intimate partner violence with an audiotape method appears to have several advantages compared with screening by a written questionnaire, and the audiotape method may be associated with slightly higher rates of disclosing intimate partner violence.

Trial Registration  http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00122395

Author Affiliations: Pediatric Generalist Research Group, Division of General Pediatrics (Drs Bair-Merritt, Feudtner, and Winters) and Division of Emergency Medicine (Drs Blackstone and Fein), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics (Dr Feudtner) and Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine (Drs Feudtner and Mollen), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

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