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Behavioral Correlates of Television Viewing in Primary School Children Evaluated by the Child Behavior Checklist
Elif Özmert, MD, PhD;
Müge Toyran, MD;
Kadriye Yurdakök, MD
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2002;156:910-914.
Background Television is a source from which children gain information about life
and experience different types of behavior. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)
has not been used thoroughly to evaluate the behavioral effects of television
viewing on children.
Objective To examine the competency and problem behavior correlates of television
viewing in school-aged children using the CBCL.
Design Cross-sectional survey.
Setting Two randomly selected grade schools, one from a high-income district
and the other from a low-income district.
Participants Students in grades 2 and 3 and their parents.
Main Outcome Measures A questionnaire on children's time spent watching television and engaging
in other daily activities and the CBCL were sent to the parents of 888 second-
and third-grade students.
Results Results of the questionnaire reported that the overall mean ±
SD daily television viewing time was 2.5 ± 1.3 hours. Overall television
viewing time had a negative correlation with social and school achievement
(r = -0.17, P<.001
and r = 0.11, P = .03, respectively)
subscale scores. Withdrawn (r = 0.11, P = .004), social problem (r = 0.14, P = .001), thought problem (r
= 0.11, P = .03), attention problem (r = 0.20, P<.001), delinquent behavior
(r = 0.12, P<.001), aggressive
behavior (r = 0.22, P<.001),
and externalization (r = 0.19, P<.001) subscales and total problem (r
= 0.15, P<.001) scores were positively correlated
with time spent watching television. Stepwise logistic regression analysis
revealed that the only significant variables associated with a risk of watching
television for more than 2 hours were age, gender, social subscale, and attention
problem subscale scores of the CBCL.
Conclusion As evaluated by the CBCL, television viewing time is positively associated
with social problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, externalization,
and total problem scores. Older age, male gender, and decreasing social subscale
and increasing attention problem subscale scores on the CBCL increases the
risk of watching television for more than 2 hours.
From the Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Social Pediatrics
Unit (Dr Özmert) and Department of Social Pediatrics, Institute of Child
Health (Dr Yurdakök), Hacettepe University, Ankara, and Faculty of Medicine,
Department of Pediatrics, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat (Dr Toyran), Turkey.
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