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Sequelae of Infant Colic
Evidence of Transient Infant Distress and Absence of Lasting Effects on Maternal Mental Health
Tammy J. Clifford, PhD;
M. Karen Campbell, PhD;
Kathy N. Speechley, PhD;
Fabian Gorodzinsky, MD, FRCPC
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2002;156:1183-1188.
Background Colic is widely believed to remit by 3 months of age, with little lasting effect on the infant or the family.
Objectives To determine the prevalence of colic at 3 months and the proportion of cases of colic (identified at 6 weeks) that remitted by 3 months; to identify the factors predictive of colic's remission; and to explore the potential lasting effects of colic on maternal mental health.
Design Prospective cohort study of 856 mother-infant dyads. Self-administered questionnaires were mailed to mothers at 1 and 6 weeks and 3 and 6 months post partum. Standardized instruments were incorporated into the first and last questionnaires to assess maternal anxiety, postnatal depression, and social support. At 6 weeks and at 3 months, mothers completed the Barr diary and/or the Ames Cry Score.
Results Data from 547 dyads were available for analysis. The prevalence of colic at 3 months was 6.4%. More than 85% of cases of colic had remitted by 3 months of age. These infants were more likely to be female, whereas the mothers of these infants were more likely to have received pain relief during labor/delivery and to have been employed during pregnancy. Reductions in scores for trait anxiety and postnatal depression, although smaller for mothers whose infants were colicky at 6 weeks of age, were not significantly different from those of mothers whose infants were never colicky.
Conclusion This study provides support for the belief that, in most cases, colic is self-limiting and does not result in lasting effects to maternal mental health.
From the Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Drs Clifford, Campbell, and Speechley), Pediatrics (Drs Campbell, Speechley, and Gorodzinsky), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (Dr Campbell); the Child Health Research Institute (Drs Campbell, Speechley, and Gorodzinsky), and the Lawson Health Research Institute (Drs Campbell, Speechley, and Gorodzinsky), University of Western Ontario, London. Dr Clifford is now affiliated with the Chalmers Research Group at the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa.
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