Nutrient intakes by young children in a prospective randomized trial of a low-saturated fat, low-cholesterol diet. The STRIP Baby Project. Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project for Babies
H. Lagstrom, E. Jokinen, R. Seppanen, T. Ronnemaa, J. Viikari, I. Valimaki, J. Venetoklis, A. Myyrinmaa, H. Niinikoski, H. Lapinleimu and O. Simell
Cardiorespiratory Research Unit, University of Turku, Finland.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of individualized and repeatedly given
dietary counseling on fat intake and nutrient intake of children aged 8
months to 4 years. DESIGN: Prospective randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Children (N = 1062) from 1054 families were randomized to an
intervention (n = 540) or a control (n = 522) group when each child
participant was 6 months old. INTERVENTIONS: The children in the
intervention group were counseled to reduce their intake of saturated fat
and cholesterol but to ensure their adequate energy intake. Dietary issues
were discussed with the families of the children in the control group only
briefly according to the current practice of well-baby clinics. MAIN
OUTCOME MEASURES: Food consumption was evaluated by using 3- and 4-day food
records that were kept at 5- to 12-month intervals, and nutrient intakes
were analyzed with a Micro Nutrica computer program (Social Insurance
Institution, Turku, Finland). RESULTS: The intake of fat (29% of the energy
intake) and cholesterol (70 mg) showed no differences between the groups of
children at 8 months of age. The fat intake in the children in the
intervention group was then continuously 2% of the energy intake below that
of the children in the control group (P < .001). After the age of 13
months, the cholesterol intake of the children in the control group
exceeded that of the children in the intervention group by 20 mg (P <
.001). The children in the intervention group consumed 3% (of the energy
intake) less saturated (P < .001) and 1% (of the energy intake) more
polyunsaturated fats (P < .001) than did the children in the control
group at age 13 months and older. The carbohydrate intake was slightly
higher in the children in the intervention group than in the children in
the control group. Intakes of vitamins, minerals, and trace elements showed
no differences between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: The intakes of fat by the
children in the intervention and control groups were markedly below values
that were recommended for the first 2 years of life. Despite the low intake
of fat, the intake of other nutrients fulfilled current recommendations,
except for vitamin D and iron. Individualized dietary counseling that led
to clear changes in the type of fat intake had a minimal effect on vitamin
or mineral intakes.
High Sucrose Intake Is Associated With Poor Quality of Diet and Growth Between 13 Months and 9 Years of Age: The Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project
Ruottinen et al.
Pediatrics 2008;121:e1676-e1685.
ABSTRACT
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Dietary Recommendations for Children and Adolescents: A Guide for Practitioners
American Heart Association et al.
Pediatrics 2006;117:544-559.
ABSTRACT
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Dietary Recommendations for Children and Adolescents: A Guide for Practitioners: Consensus Statement From the American Heart Association
Endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics et al.
Circulation 2005;112:2061-2075.
ABSTRACT
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A Randomized Intervention Since Infancy to Reduce Intake of Saturated Fat: Calorie (Energy) and Nutrient Intakes Up to the Age of 10 Years in the Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project
Talvia et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2004;158:41-47.
ABSTRACT
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Body Satisfaction in 8-Year-Old Children After Long-term Dietary Counseling in a Prospective Randomized Atherosclerosis Prevention Trial
Saarilehto et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2003;157:753-758.
ABSTRACT
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Medical Management of Hyperlipidemia/Dyslipidemia
Kreisberg and Oberman
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 2003;88:2445-2461.
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Cholesterol precursors and plant sterols in children with food allergy
Joki et al.
Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2003;77:51-55.
ABSTRACT
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Overrestriction of Dietary Fat Intake Before Formal Nutritional Counseling in Children With Hyperlipidemia
Kaistha et al.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2001;155:1225-1230.
ABSTRACT
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Dietary fat intakes in infants and primary school children in Germany
Koletzko et al.
Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2000;72
:1392S-1398S.
ABSTRACT
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Dietary fat intake and body mass index in Spanish children
Moreno et al.
Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2000;72
:1399S-1403S.
ABSTRACT
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Summary
Bier et al.
Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2000;72
:1410S-1413S.
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Lipids in Complementary Foods
Koletzko
Pediatrics 2000;106:1294-1294.
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Two year prospective dietary survey of newly diagnosed children with diabetes aged less than 6 years
Virtanen et al.
Arch. Dis. Child. 2000;82:21-26.
ABSTRACT
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The Role of Dietary Fat in Child Nutrition and Development: Summary of an ASNS Workshop
Milner and Allison
J. Nutr. 1999;129:2094-2105.
FULL TEXT
Influence of dietary fat on the nutrient intake and growth of children from 1 to 5 y of age: the Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project
Lagstrom et al.
Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1999;69:516-523.
ABSTRACT
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Modifying Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors in Children: Is It Ever Too Early to Start?
Lagstrom et al.
JAMA 1998;279:1261-1262.
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