Nutrient Intakes by Young Children in a Prospective Randomized Trial of a Low--Saturated Fat, Low-Cholesterol Diet: The STRIP Baby Project

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1997.02170390071013

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Vol. 151 No. 2, February 1997

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Nutrient Intakes by Young Children in a Prospective Randomized Trial of a Low—Saturated Fat, Low-Cholesterol Diet

The STRIP Baby Project

Hanna Lagström, MSc; Eero Jokinen, MD; Ritva Seppänen, DSc; Tapani Rönnemaa, MD; Jorma Viikari, MD; Ilkka Välimäki, MD; Jaana Venetoklis, MSc; Asta Myyrinmaa, MS; Harri Niinikoski, MD; Helena Lapinleimu, MD; Olli Simell, MD

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1997;151(2):181-188.

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the impact of individualized and repeatedly givendietary counseling on fat intake and nutrient intake of childrenaged 8 months to 4 years.

Design
Prospective randomized clinical trial.

Participants
Children (N= 1062) from 1054 families were randomized to anintervention (n=540) or a control (n=522) group when each childparticipant was 6 months old.

Interventions
The children in the intervention group were counseled to reducetheir intake of saturated fat and cholesterol but to ensuretheir adequate energy intake. Dietary issues were discussedwith the families of the children in the control group onlybriefly according to the current practice of well-baby clinics.

Main Outcome Measures
Food consumption was evaluated by using 3- and 4-day food recordsthat were kept at 5- to 12-month intervals, and nutrient intakeswere analyzed with a Micro Nutrica computer program (SocialInsurance Institution, Turku, Finland).

Results
The intake of fat (29% of the energy intake) and cholesterol(70 mg) showed no differences between the groups of childrenat 8 months of age. The fat intake in the children in the interventiongroup was then continuously 2% of the energy intake below thatof the children in the control group (P<.001). After theage of 13 months, the cholesterol intake of the children inthe control group exceeded that of the children in the interventiongroup by 20 mg (P<.001). The children in the interventiongroup consumed 3% (of the energy intake) less saturated (P<.001)and 1% (of the energy intake) more polyunsaturated fats (P<.001)than did the children in the control group at age 13 monthsand older. The carbohydrate intake was slightly higher in thechildren in the intervention group than in the children in thecontrol group. Intakes of vitamins, minerals, and trace elementsshowed no differences between the 2 groups.

Conclusions
The intakes of fat by the children in the intervention and controlgroups were markedly below values that were recommended forthe first 2 years of life. Despite the low intake of fat, theintake of other nutrients fulfilled current recommendations,except for vitamin D and iron. Individualized dietary counselingthat led to clear changes in the type of fat intake had a minimaleffect on vitamin or mineral intakes.

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1997;151:181-188

Author Affiliations

From the Cardiorespiratory Research Unit (Mss Lagström, Venetoklis, and Myyrinmaa and Dr Niinikoski) and the Departments of Pediatrics (Drs Jokinen, Välimäki, Lapinleimu, and Simell) and Medicine (Drs Rönnemaa and Viikari), University of Turku, and the Research and Development Unit, Social Insurance Institution (Dr Seppänen), Turku, Finland.

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