The safety of acellular pertussis vaccine vs whole-cell pertussis vaccine. A postmarketing assessment
S. Rosenthal, R. Chen and S. Hadler
National Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of the introduction of acellular
pertussis vaccine for the fourth and fifth doses of the diphtheria and
tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine series in children on rates of
reported vaccine-associated adverse events in the United States. DESIGN:
Analysis of postmarketing vaccine adverse event data from the Vaccine
Adverse Event Reporting System during the years 1991 to 1993. POPULATION
STUDIED: Approximately 27 million doses of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids
and pertussis vaccine and 5 million doses of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids
and acellular pertussis vaccine were distributed from 1991 to 1993 to
children 15 months to 7 years of age. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Rates of
reported fever, seizures, and hospitalizations after pertussis vaccination.
RESULTS: Rates of reported adverse events per 100,000 vaccinations were
significantly lower after administration of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids
and acellular pertussis vaccine than diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and
pertussis vaccine for the following outcomes: all reports, 2.9 vs 9.8;
fever, 1.9 vs 7.5; seizures, 0.5 vs 1.7; and hospitalizations, 0.2 vs 0.9.
CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm that minor adverse events are less
frequent after administration of the acellular pertussis vaccine. In
addition, these data suggested that seizures and hospitalizations
associated with pertussis vaccination are less frequent after
administration of the acellular pertussis vaccine in age groups for which
it is now recommended.
Acetaminophen and Ibuprofen for Prevention of Adverse Reactions Associated with Childhood Immunization
Manley and Taddio
The Annals of Pharmacotherapy 2007;41:1227-1232.
ABSTRACT
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Prophylaxis With Acetaminophen or Ibuprofen for Prevention of Local Reactions to the Fifth Diphtheria-Tetanus Toxoids-Acellular Pertussis Vaccination: A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Jackson et al.
Pediatrics 2006;117:620-625.
ABSTRACT
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Comparison of evidence on harms of medical interventions in randomized and nonrandomized studies
Papanikolaou et al.
CMAJ 2006;174:635-641.
ABSTRACT
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Decrease in Hospital Admissions for Febrile Seizures and Reports of Hypotonic-Hyporesponsive Episodes Presenting to Hospital Emergency Departments Since Switching to Acellular Pertussis Vaccine in Canada: A Report From IMPACT
Le Saux et al.
Pediatrics 2003;112:e348-348.
ABSTRACT
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Infant Immunization With Acellular Pertussis Vaccines in the United States: Assessment of the First Two Years' Data From the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS)
Braun et al.
Pediatrics 2000;106:51e-51.
ABSTRACT
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Hypotonic-Hyporesponsive Episodes Reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 1996-1998
DuVernoy et al.
Pediatrics 2000;106:52e-52.
ABSTRACT
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No-Fault Vaccine Insurance: Lessons from the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program
Ridgway
Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 1999;24:59-90.
ABSTRACT
Acellular Pertussis Vaccine: Recommendations for Use as the Initial Series in Infants and Children
Committee on Infectious Diseases
Pediatrics 1997;99:282-288.
ABSTRACT
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IMPROVED SAFETY FROM ACELLULAR PERTUSSIS VACCINE
JWatch General 1996;1996:5-5.
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