Malnutrition in Hospitalized Children With Congenital Heart Disease

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1995.02170230052007

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Vol. 149 No. 10, October 1995

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Malnutrition in Hospitalized Children With Congenital Heart Disease

Judith Wynn Cameron, RN, PhD, CPNP; Amnon Rosenthal, MD; Allan David Olson, MD, MS

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1995;149(10):1098-1102.

Abstract

Objective
To determine the prevalence of malnutrition among hospitalizedchildren with congenital heart disease by age, disease process,and clinical status.

Design
Cross-sectional, retrospective chart review.

Setting
Pediatric cardiology units at a 150-bed tertiary care teachinghospital in Ann Arbor, Mich.

Patients
Patients (n=160) were randomly selected from consecutive admissionsto the Pediatric Cardiology and Thoracic Surgery Services duringa 1-year period.

Intervention
None.

Main Outcome Measures
Acute and chronic malnutrition, assessed by comparing the patients'weight and height with established means.

Results
Acute and chronic malnutrition occurred in 33% and 64% of thepatients, respectively. Age, diagnostic category, and symptomswere associated with malnutrition. Eighty percent of infantspresented with acute malnutrition compared with 18% of patientsof other ages (P<.001). Malnutrition affected 60% of patientswith left-to-right shunts, 53% of patients with complex heartdisease, and no patients with primary rhythm disturbances. Acutemalnutrition affected 11% and chronic malnutrition affected50% of patients with left-sided heart obstruction. Acute orchronic malnutrition occurred in 70% or more of patients withcyanosis and/or congestive heart failure but in only 30% ofpatients with neither (P<.001).

Conclusion
Malnutrition in hospitalized children with congenital heartdisease remains common, highlighting the importance of nutritionalscreening and intervention.

(Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1995;149:1098-1102)

Author Affiliations

From the Division of Health Promotion and Risk Reduction, The University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor (Dr Cameron), and the Divisions of Pediatric Cardiology (Dr Rosenthal) and Pediatric Gastroenterology (Dr Olson), University of Michigan Medical Center, C. S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor.

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