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Is Universal Neonatal Hemoglobinopathy Screening Cost-Effective?
Robert H. Sprinkle, MD, PhD;
Denise M. Hynes, RN, MPH, PhD;
Thomas R. Konrad, PhD
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1994;148(5):461-469.
Abstract
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Objective
To determine whether and where universal neonatal screening for hemoglobinopathies, chiefly sickle-cell disease, could be performed at socially acceptable costs.
Methods
We made projections of the cost-effectiveness of nonuniversal and universal sickle-cell disease screening throughout the United States. We then compared the cost-effectiveness of universal sickle-cell disease screening with that of universal phenylketonuria screening. Finally, we asked if "high-cost" states, that is, those in which the cost of finding a case of sickle-cell disease exceeded one half the cost of finding a case of phenylketonuria, could enhance their cost-effectiveness by joining demographically complementary states in screening cooperatives.
Results
If all states conducted independent screening and if the value of finding a case of sickle-cell disease were no more than one half that of finding a case of phenylketonuria, seven of the 19 states that do not currently conduct universal screening for hemoglobinopathies would begin to do so, but six of the 34 that currently do so would stop. Of the six that would stop, three have already formed a screening cooperative, reducing their projected average costs for finding either sickle-cell disease or phenylketonuria or both; the other three could similarly improve cost-effectiveness through cooperative arrangements. Nineteen states realize economies of scale in six cooperative groups; more could do so.
Conclusion
Universal neonatal hemoglobinopathy screening can be made available at socially acceptable costs to the citizens of demographically various states.
(Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1994;148:461-469.
Author Affiliations
From the Division of Policy and Ethics, Duke University–University of North Carolina Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center (Drs Sprinkle, Hynes, and Konrad), and the Center for Health Policy Research and Education, Duke University (Drs Sprinkle and Hynes), Durham, NC; the Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (Dr Konrad); and the Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center (Dr Sprinkle).
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