
Diet Therapy for Hypercholesterolemia in Children and AdolescentsA Follow-up
Marciano Sanchez-Bayle, MD;
Angel Gonzalez-Requejo, MD;
Jose Baeza, MD;
Pilar Arnaiz, MD;
Santiago Vila, MD;
J. Asensio, MD;
C. Ruiz-Jarabo, PhD
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1994;148(1):28-32.
Abstract
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Objective To determine the effectiveness and compliance of dietary restriction in a group of children and adolescents with hypercholesterolemia.
Research Design Prospective clinical trial.
Setting Pediatric hospital in Madrid, Spain.
Participants Four hundred fifty-one children and adolescents of both sexes aged 2 to 18 years diagnosed as having hypercholesterolemia and treated with dietary restriction (American Heart Association StepOne and Step-Two Diets). The follow-up period ranged from 6 months to 2 years and was performed by one pediatrician.
Results Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B-100 levels as well as the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio decreased significantly (P<.01) from the first month of dietary restriction, whereas the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level increased (P<.01). The apolipoprotein A-I level increased significantly (P<.01) only after 6 months of diet therapy. After 12 months of follow-up, 30.7% (58/189) of patients did not follow the diet strictly. In this group, significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B-100 were found.
Conclusions Diet therapy is effective in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia in children and adolescents. Dietary restriction has a beneficial effect not only on total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels but also on apolipoprotein A-I and B-100 levels.
(Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1994;148:28-32)
Author Affiliations
From the Hospital del Niño Jesus, Madrid, Spain.
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