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Evidence of a Major Gene With Pleiotropic Action for a Cardiovascular Disease Risk Syndrome in Children Younger Than 14 Years
David B. Allison, PhD;
Stanley Heshka, PhD;
Steven B. Heymsfield, MD
Am J Dis Child. 1993;147(12):1298-1302.
Abstract
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• Objective.
—To test the plausibility of the existence of a genetically based syndrome involving obesity, hypertension, and a central deposition of body fat.
Design.
—Survey of a random stratified sample of the US population.
Participants.
—Male and female children aged 13 years or younger (mean, 5.3 years; SD, 3.7 years; median, 4.0 years; range, 6 months to 13 years) were chosen from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey II data.
Interventions.
—None.
Measurements/Main Results.
—Using multivariate commingling analysis, we evaluated the hypothesis that a major gene produces a syndrome involving the phenotypic indicators of body mass index (in kilograms per square meter), subscapular-to-triceps skinfold thickness ratio, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. Maximum likelihood estimation was used to test competing models. A model with three component distributions and unequal variance-covariance matrices fit significantly better than any competing model.
Conclusions.
—Our findings support the existence of a distinct cardiovascular disease risk syndrome in children and suggest that it may be the result of a major gene with pleiotropic effects.
(AJDC. 1993;147:1298-1302)
Author Affiliations
From the Obesity Research Center, St Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY.
Footnotes
Accepted for publication July 16, 1993.
Reprint requests to the Obesity Research Center, 411 W1 114th St, Suite 3D, New York, NY 10025 (Dr Allison).
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