Brain injuries among infants, children, adolescents, and young adults
J. F. Kraus, A. Rock and P. Hemyari
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, UCLA 90024-1772.
Blunt and penetrating force injuries to the brain constitute an enormous
public health problem. If a child or young adult survives a moderate or
severe brain injury, there is a strong likelihood of a lifetime of physical
and mental impairment as well as tremendous economic and social impact on
the family. The magnitude of this problem has only been recently
appreciated, yet many questions on the causes and short- or long-term
outcomes remain unanswered. One conclusion is clear: prevention is the best
solution, but information on the nature of the brain injury, exposure
factors, and effectiveness of countermeasures is incomplete. We sought to
summarize certain basic epidemiological data on brain injuries in infants,
children, adolescents, and young adults as well as findings on incidence of
brain injury and current data on demographics and risk factors. We also
estimated disability and person-years of life lost from brain injuries and
highlight the value of helmets as a countermeasure for several exposures to
head injury.
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