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Sally L. Davidson Ward, MD; Sally Schuetz, CPNP; Vijaya Krishna, MD; Xylina Bean, MD; Willis Wingert, MD; Laura Wachsman, MD; Thomas G. Keens, MD

Am J Dis Child. 1986;140(10):1015-1020.

Abstract
• Infants born to opiate-abusing mothers have a decreased ventilatory response to carbon dioxide and a five to ten times increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). These abnormalities of ventilatory control may be associated with abnormal sleeping ventilatory patterns. Therefore, 28 overnight pneumograms (respiratory pattern recording and electrocardiogram) were obtained from 27 infants of substance-abusing mothers (ISAM) (five opiate, seven phencyclidine hydrochloride, three cocaine, and 12 polydrug abusers) and compared with pneumograms from 43 control infants. Pneumograms were quantitated for total sleep time, greatest duration of apnea, total duration of apnea greater than or equal to 6 s, periodic breathing, and mean heart and respiratory rates. The ISAM had a longer total sleep time, greater durations of apnea, a higher total duration of apneas greater than or equal to 6 s, more periodic breathing, a higher mean respiratory rate, and a lower mean heart rate. Thirty-two percent of pneumograms from ISAM were abnormal compared with 9.3% of the control pneumograms. We conclude that ISAM have abnormal sleeping ventilatory patterns that may be related to their increased SIDS risk.

(AJDC 1986;140:1015-1020)

Author Affiliations
From the Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Pulmonology, Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles (Drs Davidson Ward and Keens) and Los Angeles County–University of Southern California Medical Center (Ms Schuetz and Drs Wingert and Wachsman); and the Departments of Pediatrics, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles (Drs Davidson Ward, Wingert, Wachsman, and Keens and Ms Schuetz), Martin Luther King Jr General Hospital, Los Angeles (Drs Krishna and Bean), and Charles R. Drew Postgraduate Medical School, Los Angeles (Drs Krishna and Bean).

Footnotes
Accepted for publication June 23, 1986.

Presented at the Fourth Conference on Infantile Apnea, Palm Springs, Calif, Jan 17, 1986, and at the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Western Society for Pediatric Research, Carmel, Calif, Feb 6, 1986.

Reprint requests to Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Pulmonology, Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90027 (Dr Keens).

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