Immune function in pure iron deficiency
H. J. Krantman, S. R. Young, B. J. Ank, C. M. O'Donnell, G. S. Rachelefsky and E. R. Stiehm
Immunologic studies were performed in ten iron-deficient children, aged 12
to 30 months, before and after iron replacement. Chronic infection,
malnutrition, and vitamin deficiency were excluded. Mean hemoglobin levels
went from 8.2 +/- 0.2 (SEM) to 12.3 +/- 0.3 g/dL after iron replacement.
Mean T-cell percentage increased from 50% +/- 3.0% to 58% +/- 3.7%.
Absolute numbers of T cells were unchanged. Three children converted
negative in vitro proliferative responses to Candida or tetanus antigen.
Mean stimulation indexes increased for Candida (6.8 +/- 1.7 to 17.9 +/-
6.7) and tetanus (19.5 +/- 6.0 to 31.7 +/- 8.5). Nine of 16 delayed
hypersensitivity skin tests were positive before and ten of ten were
positive after iron therapy. The IgG and IgA levels did not change
significantly, but IgM levels decreased from 181 +/- 13 to 128 +/- 5 mg/dL.
We conclude that T-cell immunity is slightly impaired in pure iron
deficiency and that these subtle defects can be corrected with oral iron
replacement.
