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Stanley M. Garn, PhD; Michael Johnston, MD; Stephen A. Ridella; Audrey S. Petzold

Am J Dis Child. 1981;135(6):503-506.

Abstract
• As shown in a total of 43,492 live-born singleton infants, the proportion of low and depressed Apgar scores is related to the extent of maternal cigarette usage during pregnancy. In particular, the three-pack level of smoking (41 to 60 cigarettes per day) is reflected in a near-quadrupling of low and depressed one-minute and five-minute Apgar scores in both blacks and whites and also after exclusion of prematurely born infants.

(Am J Dis Child 1981;135:503-506)

Author Affiliations
From the Center for Human Growth and Development (Dr Garn, Mr Ridella, and Ms Petzold) and the Section of Pediatric Neurology (Dr Johnston), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

Footnotes
Reprint requests to Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, 1111 E Catherine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (Dr Garn).

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ABSTRACT