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Mary Guinan, MD, PhD; Dennis Schaberg, MD; Frederic W. Bruhn, MD; C. Joan Richardson, MD; William W. Fox, MD

Am J Dis Child. 1979;133(6):594-597.

Abstract
• In case-control studies of three epidemics of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in three different high-risk nurseries in three states, no particular risk factor was associated with affected infants or their mothers. Epidemic cases had higher birth weights and Apgar scores and fewer perinatal difficulties than those previously reported for sporadic cases. Seven infants fed primarily breast milk were not protected against disease. Early antibiotic therapy was associated with a significantly decreased risk of disease in one outbreak. In two hospitals, affected infants who received antibiotic therapy during the first three days of life had a significantly later disease onset. The occurrence of the disease in epidemics and the decreased risk or modification of disease with antibiotic therapy support an infectious etiology for NEC.

(Am J Dis Child 133:594-597, 1979)

Author Affiliations
From the Bacterial Diseases Division, Bureau of Epidemiology, Center for Disease Control, Atlanta (Drs Guinan and Schaberg); University of Colorado and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Denver General Hospital, Denver (Dr Bruhn); Division of Perinatal Pediatrics, University of Texas, Galveston (Dr Richardson); and Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, and the Infant Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital, Philadelphia (Dr Fox).

Footnotes
Reprint requests to Hospital Infections Branch, CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta 30333 (Dr Guinan).

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