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Menkes Kinky-Hair Syndrome (Trichopoliodystrophy)Low Copper Levels in the Blood, Hair, and Urine
Sarjit Singh, MD;
Michael J. Bresnan, MD
Am J Dis Child. 1973;125(4):572-578.
Abstract
Kinky-hair syndrome, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder which affects infant males and is characterized by unusual hair, seizures, psychomotor retardation, growth failure, and early death, was first described by Menkes et al.1 Since the original description, 11 more cases have been reported from this country.2 Additional features, including bone changes and tortuous cerebral vessels, have been noted subsequently. Recently Danks et al,3 from Australia, have reported very low levels of copper and copper oxidase in the blood in five cases. Poor absorption of copper was thought to be the mechanism involved, although this was not proven. This paper presents a new case of kinky-hair syndrome showing typical clinical and radiological features and very low copper levels in the blood, urine, and hair. Relevant literature in relation to copper deficiency in man and animals is reviewed.
Author Affiliations
Boston
From the Department of Neurology and the Seizure Unit, Children's Hospital Medical Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston.
Footnotes
Received for publication July 28, 1972; accepted Dec 18.
Reprint requests to 300 Longwood Ave, Boston 02115 (Dr. Bresnan).
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